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<title>Codex Manesse</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Codex Manesse</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox vcard vevent" style="text-align:left; font-size: 88%; width: 300px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn summary" style="text-align:center; font-size:125%;">Codex Manesse</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek, Cpg 848</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="infobox-caption">Folio 371<sup>r</sup>, Johannes Hadlaub</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Also known as</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><span title="German-language text"><span lang="de" style="font-style: normal;">Große Heidelberger Liederhandschrift</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1304</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left">Zürich</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language(s)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><a href="Middle_High_German" title="Middle High German">Middle High German</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author(s)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left">c. 140 named Minnesänger</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Patron</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left">Manesse family</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Material</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left">Parchment</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left">426 folios</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Format</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left">350 x 250 mm, 2 columns</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Script</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left">Textura</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Contents</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left">Minnesang</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Illumination(s)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left">137 whole-page miniatures, <a href="Lombardic_capitals" title="Lombardic capitals">Lombardic capitals</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The <b>Codex Manesse</b> (also <b><span title="German-language text"><span lang="de" style="font-style: normal;">Große Heidelberger Liederhandschrift</span></span></b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>Pariser Handschrift</b>) is a <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="Liederhandschrift" title="Liederhandschrift">Liederhandschrift</a></i></span> (a German term for a <a href="Manuscript" title="Manuscript">manuscript</a> containing songs) which is the single most comprehensive source of <a href="Middle_High_German" title="Middle High German">Middle High German</a> <i><a href="Minnesang" title="Minnesang">Minnesang</a></i> poetry. It was written and <a href="Illustrated_manuscript" class="mw-redirect" title="Illustrated manuscript">illustrated</a> between <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1304</span> when the main part was completed, and <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1340</span> with the addenda.

</p><p>The codex was produced in <a href="Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> (<a href="Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>), for the <a href="Manesse_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Manesse family">Manesse family</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The manuscript is "the most beautifully illumined German manuscript in centuries";<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its 137 <a href="Miniature_(illuminated_manuscript)" title="Miniature (illuminated manuscript)">miniatures</a> are a series of "portraits" depicting each poet.

</p><p>It is currently housed in the <a href="Heidelberg_University_Library" title="Heidelberg University Library">Heidelberg University Library</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2023, Codex Manesse was admitted to UNESCO's <a href="Memory_of_the_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Memory of the World">Memory of the World</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Informationsdienst_Wissenschaft_-_Nachrichten_2023_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Informationsdienst_Wissenschaft_-_Nachrichten_2023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Deutsche_UNESCO-Kommission_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Deutsche_UNESCO-Kommission-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contents">Contents</h2></div>

<p>The Codex Manesse is an anthology of the works of a total of about 135<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> minnesingers of the mid 12th to early 14th century.

For each poet, a portrait is shown, followed by the text of their works.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

The entries are ordered approximately by the social status of the poets, starting with the Holy Roman Emperor <a href="Henry_VI%2C_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VI</a>, Kings <a href="Conradin" title="Conradin">Conradin</a> and <a href="Wenceslaus_II_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus II of Bohemia">Wenceslaus II</a>, down through dukes, counts and knights, to the commoners.

</p><p>Most of the poems are <i><a href="Minnesang" title="Minnesang">Minnesang</a></i>, but there are also other genres, including fables and <a href="Spruchdichtung" title="Spruchdichtung">Spruchdichtung</a> (didactic poems).

</p><p>The oldest poets represented in the manuscript had been dead for more than a century at the time of its compilations, while others were contemporaries, the latest even late additions of poems written during the early 14th century.

</p><p>In the portraits, some of the nobles are shown in full armour in their heraldic colors and devices (therefore with their faces hidden), often shown as taking part in a <a href="Joust" class="mw-redirect" title="Joust">joust</a>, or sometimes in single combat with sword and shield, and sometimes in actual battle.

</p><p>Some images are motivated by the biography of the person depicted, but some designs just draw their motif from the poet's name (thus, Dietmar is shown riding a mule, since his name can be interpreted as meaning <i>people's horse</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while others draw on imagery from their lyrics (<a href="Walther_von_der_Vogelweide" title="Walther von der Vogelweide">Walther von der Vogelweide</a> is shown in a thoughtful pose which exactly matches the description of himself in one of his most famous songs).

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_poets">List of poets</h2></div>

<ol><li>6r: <a href="Henry_VI%2C_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor</a> (1165–1197)</li>

<li>7r: <a href="Conradin" title="Conradin">Conradin</a> (1252–1268)</li>

<li>8r: <i>Tirol und Fridebrant</i> (not the name of a singer, but an epic poem, dated to the first half of the 13th century)</li>

<li>10r: King <a href="Wenceslaus_II_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus II of Bohemia">Wenceslaus II of Bohemia</a> (Wenceslaus II, King of Bohemia and Poland, 1271–1305)</li>

<li>11v: Duke <a href="Henryk_IV_Probus" class="mw-redirect" title="Henryk IV Probus">Henryk IV Probus</a> of Breslau (1258–1290)</li>

<li>13r: Margrave <a href="Otto_IV%2C_Margrave_of_Brandenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto IV, Margrave of Brandenburg">Otto von Brandenburg</a> (Otto IV, 1266–1308)</li>

<li>14v: Margrave <a href="Henry_III%2C_Margrave_of_Meissen" title="Henry III, Margrave of Meissen">Heinrich von Meißen</a> (Henry III, 1215–1288)</li>

<li>17r: <a href="Henry_I%2C_Count_of_Anhalt" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry I, Count of Anhalt">Henry I, Count of Anhalt</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1170</span>–1252)</li>

<li>18r: <a href="John_I%2C_Duke_of_Brabant" title="John I, Duke of Brabant">John I, Duke of Brabant</a> (1252/1253–1294)</li>

<li>20r: Count <a href="Rudolf_von_Neuenburg" title="Rudolf von Neuenburg">Rudolf von Neuenburg</a> (either Rudolf II, died 1192, or his nephew Rudolf I, died 1258)</li>

<li>22v: Count Kraft von <a href="Counts_of_Toggenburg" title="Counts of Toggenburg">Toggenburg</a> (probably Kraft III of Toggenburg, died 1339)</li>

<li>24r: Count Konrad von <a href="County_of_Kirchberg" title="County of Kirchberg">Kirchberg</a> (either Konrad II, fl. 1275–1326, or his cousin Konrad III, 1281–1315)</li>

<li>26r: Count Friedrich von Leiningen (probably Friedrich II, died 1237)</li>

<li>27r: Count <a href="Otto_von_Botenlauben" title="Otto von Botenlauben">Otto von Botenlauben</a> (died 1244)</li>

<li>29r: Margrave of Hohenburg (either Diepold V von Vohburg, fl. 1205–1225, or his son Bertold IV, died 1256).</li>

<li>30r: Herr <a href="Hendrik_van_Veldeke" class="mw-redirect" title="Hendrik van Veldeke">Heinrich von Veldeke</a> (died after 1184)</li>

<li>32v: Herr <a href="Gottfried_von_Neifen" title="Gottfried von Neifen">Gottfried von Neifen</a> (died 1279)</li>

<li>42r: Count <a href="Albrecht_von_Haigerloch" class="mw-redirect" title="Albrecht von Haigerloch">Albrecht von Haigerloch</a>, <a href="Counts_of_Hohenberg_(Swabia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Counts of Hohenberg (Swabia)">count of Hohenberg</a> (died 1298)</li>

<li>43v: Count <a href="Wernher_von_Homberg" title="Wernher von Homberg">Wernher von Homberg</a> (died 1320)</li>

<li>46v: Herr Jakob von Wart (died 1331)</li>

<li>48v: Brother Eberhard von Sax (fl. 1309)</li>

<li>52r: Herr <a href="Walther_von_Klingen" title="Walther von Klingen">Walther von Klingen</a> (fl. 1240–1280s)</li>

<li>54r: Herr Rudolf von <a href="Rothenburg%2C_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Rothenburg, Switzerland">Rotenburg</a> (fl. 1287)</li>

<li>59v: Herr Heinrich von <a href="Lordship_of_Hohensax" class="mw-redirect" title="Lordship of Hohensax">Sax</a> (probably Henry II, 1235–1289)</li>

<li>61v: Herr Heinrich von Frauenberg (fl. 1284–1305)</li>

<li>63r: <a href="Der_von_K%C3%BCrenberg" title="Der von Kürenberg">Der von Kürenberg</a> (12th century)</li>

<li>64r: Herr <a href="Dietmar_von_Aist" title="Dietmar von Aist">Dietmar von Aist</a> (fl. 1140–1160s)</li>

<li>66v: Der von Gliers (perhaps Wilhelm von Gliers, fl. 1267–1317)</li>

<li>69r: Herr Wernher von Teufen (fl. 1220)</li>

<li>70v: Herr Heinrich von Stretlingen (either Henry II, fl. 1250s, or his son Henry III, died 1294)</li>

<li>71v: Herr <a href="Kristan_von_Hamle" title="Kristan von Hamle">Kristan von Hamle</a> (probably an author of 13th-century <a href="Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a>, otherwise unknown)</li>

<li>73r: Herr <a href="Ulrich_von_Gutenburg" title="Ulrich von Gutenburg">Ulrich von Gutenburg</a> (fl. 1170s)</li>

<li>75v: Herr Heinrich von der Mure (fl. 1223–1263, a Dominican friar, prior at Eichstätt and later at Augsburg)</li>

<li>76v: Herr <a href="Heinrich_von_Morungen" title="Heinrich von Morungen">Heinrich von Morungen</a> (fl. 1210s)</li>

<li>82v: Der Schenk von Limpurg (either Walther I, fl. 1230–1240s, or one of his sons, Walther II or Konrad I)</li>

<li>84v: Schenk <a href="Ulrich_von_Winterstetten" title="Ulrich von Winterstetten">Ulrich von Winterstetten</a> (fl. 1250–1270s)</li>

<li>98r: Herr <a href="Reinmar_von_Hagenau" title="Reinmar von Hagenau">Reinmar der Alte</a> (fl. late 12th century)</li>

<li>110r: Herr Burkart von Hohenfels (fl. 1220–1230s)</li>

<li>113v: Herr Hesso von Reinach (1234–1275/76)</li>

<li>115r: Der Burggraf von Lienz (fl. early 13th century)</li>

<li>116v: Herr <a href="Friedrich_von_Hausen" title="Friedrich von Hausen">Friedrich von Hausen</a> (died after 1188)</li>

<li>119v: <a href="Burggraf_von_Rietenburg" title="Burggraf von Rietenburg">Burgrave von Rietenburg</a> (either Henry IV fl. 1174–1184, or Otto III, fl. 1154–1185)</li>

<li>120v: Herr <a href="Meinloh_von_Sevelingen" title="Meinloh von Sevelingen">Meinloh von Sevelingen</a> (mid-12th century)</li>

<li>122r: Herr Heinrich von Rugge (f 1170s)</li>

<li>124r: Herr <a href="Walther_von_der_Vogelweide" title="Walther von der Vogelweide">Walther von der Vogelweide</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1170</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1230</span>)</li>

<li>146r: Herr Hiltbolt von Schwangau (fl. 1221–1254)</li>

<li>149v: Herr <a href="Wolfram_von_Eschenbach" title="Wolfram von Eschenbach">Wolfram von Eschenbach</a> (c. 1170 – c. 1220)</li>

<li>151r: Von Singenberg, Seneschal of <a href="Abbey_of_Saint_Gall" title="Abbey of Saint Gall">St Gallen</a> (probably Ulrich von Singenberg, fl. 1220s)</li>

<li>158r: Der von Sachsendorf (unknown; possibly mentioned by Ulrich von Lichtenstein as serving <a href="Frederick_II%2C_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick II, Duke of Austria">Frederick II of Austria</a>)</li>

<li>160v: Wachsmut von Künzingen (unknown, perhaps from <a href="Clemency%2C_Luxembourg" title="Clemency, Luxembourg">Clemency, Luxembourg</a>)</li>

<li>162v: Herr Wilhelm von Heinzenburg (probably William III, fl. 1264–1292)</li>

<li>164v: Herr Leuthold von Seven (fl. 1218)</li>

<li>166v: Herr <a href="Walther_von_Metze" class="mw-redirect" title="Walther von Metze">Walther von Metze</a> (died before 1276, otherwise unknown)</li>

<li>169v: Herr Rubin (unknown, mid-13th century)</li>

<li>178r: Herr <a href="Bernger_von_Horheim" title="Bernger von Horheim">Bernger von Horheim</a> (late 12th century)</li>

<li>179v: Der von Johansdorf (Albrecht, fl. 1172–1209)</li>

<li>181v: Herr Engelhardt von <a href="Seubersdorf" title="Seubersdorf">Adelnburg</a> (either fl. 1200 or 1220s, perhaps father and son of the same name)</li>

<li>182v: Herr <a href="Bligger_von_Steinach" title="Bligger von Steinach">Bligger von Steinach</a> (probably Bligger II, fl. late 12th to early 13th century)</li>

<li>183v: Herr Wachsmut von Mühlhausen (fl. 1267)</li>

<li>184v: Herr <a href="Hartmann_von_Aue" title="Hartmann von Aue">Hartmann von Aue</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1160</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1210</span>)</li>

<li>188r: Herr <a href="Reinmar_von_Brennenberg" title="Reinmar von Brennenberg">Reinmar von Brennenberg</a> (fl. 1270s)</li>

<li>190v: Johann von <a href="Ringgenberg" title="Ringgenberg">Ringgenberg</a> (probably Johann I, 1291–1350)</li>

<li>192v: <a href="Albrecht_Marschall_von_Rapperswil" class="mw-redirect" title="Albrecht Marschall von Rapperswil">Albrecht Marschall von Rapperswil</a> (fl. c. 1280)</li>

<li>194r: Herr Otto vom Turne (of <a href="Lucerne" title="Lucerne">Lucerne</a>, a late addition, fl. after 1300)</li>

<li>197v: Herr Goesli von Ehenhein (of Strasbourg; otherwise unknown)</li>

<li>201r: <a href="Herrand_von_Wildonie" title="Herrand von Wildonie">Der von Wildonie</a> (probably Herrand II, married to a daughter of Ulrich of Lichtenstein)</li>

<li>202v: Von Suonegge (probably Konrad von Suonegge, fl. 1220–1230s)</li>

<li>204r: Von Scharpfenberg (of <a href="Rade%C4%8De" title="Radeče">Ratschach</a>, mid-13th century)</li>

<li>205r: Herr Konrad, der Schenk von Landeck (of <a href="Thurgau" title="Thurgau">Thurgau</a>, 1271–1306)</li>

<li>213r: "Der Winsbeke" (purported author of the accompanying father-son didactic poem; it is unclear whether Winsbeke is a historical or a fictional character)</li>

<li>217r: "Die Winsbekin" (purported author of the accompanying mother-daughter didactic poem; it is unclear whether Winsbekin is a historical or a fictional character)</li>

<li>219v: "Klingsor of <a href="Kingdom_of_Hungary_(medieval)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Hungary (medieval)">Hungary</a>" (fictional character introducing the <i><a href="S%C3%A4ngerkrieg" title="Sängerkrieg">Sängerkrieg</a></i> poem)</li>

<li>226v: Kristan von Luppin of <a href="Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a> (fl. 1290s)</li>

<li>228r: Herr Heinrich Hetzbold von Weißensee (early 14th century)</li>

<li>229v: Der Düring (an unidentified <a href="Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringian</a> poet, late 13th century)</li>

<li>231r: Winli (an unidentified <a href="Alemannia" class="mw-redirect" title="Alemannia">Alemannic</a> poet, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1300</span>)</li>

<li>237r: Herr <a href="Ulrich_von_Liechtenstein" title="Ulrich von Liechtenstein">Ulrich von Liechtenstein</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1200</span>–1275)</li>

<li>247v: Von Munegiur (given name Ulrich, otherwise unknown)</li>

<li>248v: Von Raute (given name Hartwig, fl. <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1200</span>, otherwise unknown)</li>

<li>249v: Herr <a href="Konrad_von_Altstetten" title="Konrad von Altstetten">Konrad von Altstetten</a> (perhaps a mayor of St Gallen, attested 1320–1327)</li>

<li>251r: Herr Bruno von <a href="Hornberg" title="Hornberg">Hornberg</a> (probably Bruno II, fl. 1275–1310)</li>

<li>252r: Herr Hug von Werbenwag (fl. mid 13th century, probably died after 1292)</li>

<li>253v: Der Püller (Konrad "the Apulian" von Hohenburg, probably participated in a campaign of <a href="Rudolph_I_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolph I of Germany">Rudolph I</a> against <a href="Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar II of Bohemia</a> in 1278)</li>

<li>255r: Von Trostberg (an unidentified member of either of an Argovian or a Tyrolian family of <i><a href="Ministeriales" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministeriales">ministeriales</a></i>)</li>

<li>256v: Hartmann von Starkenberg (of <a href="Werdenberg-Sargans" class="mw-redirect" title="Werdenberg-Sargans">Werdenberg-Sargans</a>, either Hartmann I, fl. 1250s, or his son Hartmann II, fl. 1270s)</li>

<li>257v: Von <a href="Stadeck" title="Stadeck">Stadegge</a> (Rudolph II, one of the leading <a href="Styria" title="Styria">Styrian</a> minnesingers, fl. 1230–1250s)</li>

<li>258v: Herr Brunwart von <a href="Auggen" title="Auggen">Augheim</a> (late 13th century)</li>

<li>261r: Von Stamheim (unidentified; fl. c. 1240s)</li>

<li>262v: <a href="Herr_Goeli" title="Herr Goeli">Herr Goeli</a> (of <a href="Badenweiler" title="Badenweiler">Baden</a>, 13th century)</li>

<li>264r: Der <a href="Tannh%C3%A4user" title="Tannhäuser">Tannhäuser</a> (of <a href="Lords_of_Thannhausen" title="Lords of Thannhausen">Thannhausen</a>, fl. 1240–1260s; depicted as a member of the <a href="Teutonic_Order" title="Teutonic Order">Teutonic Order</a>)</li>

<li>271r: Von <a href="Buchheim" title="Buchheim">Buchheim</a> (2nd half of 13th century)</li>

<li>273r: Herr <a href="Neidhart_von_Reuental" title="Neidhart von Reuental">Neidhart</a> (born <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1200</span> in <a href="Lower_Bavaria" title="Lower Bavaria">Lower Bavaria</a>)</li>

<li>281v: <a href="Meister" title="Meister">Meister</a> Heinrich Teschler (of <a href="Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>, 2nd half of 13th century, patronized by <a href="Manesse_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Manesse family">Rüdiger Manesse</a>)</li>

<li>285r: Rost, Kirchherr zu <a href="Sarnen" title="Sarnen">Sarnen</a> (in <a href="Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> between 1313 and 1330 Presumed to have participated in the production of the codex as a scribe)</li>

<li>290r: Der Hardegger (probably <i>Henricus de Hardegge</i>, of <a href="Rebstein" title="Rebstein">Rebstein</a>, fl. 1230–1270s)</li>

<li>292v: Der <a href="Schoolmaster" title="Schoolmaster">Schulmeister</a> von <a href="Esslingen_am_Neckar" title="Esslingen am Neckar">Eßlingen</a> (late 13th century)</li>

<li>295r: Walther von <a href="Breisach" title="Breisach">Breisach</a> (without portrait)</li>

<li>299r: Von Wissenlo (probably <a href="Wiesloch" title="Wiesloch">Wiesloch</a>; unidentified)</li>

<li>300r: Von Wengen (Burchard, fl. 1230–1270s, member of a family of ministeriales of the <a href="Counts_of_Toggenburg" title="Counts of Toggenburg">counts of Toggenburg</a>)</li>

<li>302r: Herr Pfeffel (unidentified, mid 12th century)</li>

<li>303r: Der Taler (perhaps Leuthold von Tal, near <a href="Rheineck" title="Rheineck">Rheineck</a>, fl. 1250)</li>

<li>305r: Der tugendhafte Schreiber ("The Virtuous Scribe"; unidentified, appears as a character in the <i><a href="S%C3%A4ngerkrieg" title="Sängerkrieg">Sängerkrieg</a></i>)</li>

<li>308v: Steinmar (perhaps Berthold Steinmar von <a href="Klingnau" title="Klingnau">Klingnau</a>, fl. 2nd half of 13th century)</li>

<li>311r: Herr Alram von Gresten (unidentified, perhaps of <a href="Gresten" title="Gresten">Gresten</a> in Lower Austria)</li>

<li>312r: Herr Reinmar der Fiedler (unidentified, fl. mid 13th century)</li>

<li>313r: Herr <a href="Hawart" title="Hawart">Hawart</a> (perhaps Hawardus de Holzwane, in 1258 canon at Augsburg)</li>

<li>314v: Herr Günther von dem Vorste (unidentified)</li>

<li>316v: Herr Friedrich der Knecht (unidentified, his poems are in Austro-Bavarian dialect, first half of the 13th century; the portrait shows Friedrich as a knight abducting a damsel on horseback while fighting off pursuers)</li>

<li>318r: Der <a href="Burggraf_von_Regensburg" title="Burggraf von Regensburg">Burggraf von Regensburg</a> (probably Heinrich III von Stevening und <a href="Riedenburg" title="Riedenburg">Rietenburg</a>, fl. 1126–1177)</li>

<li>319r: Herr Niune (unidentified; probably not a poet but the owner of a songbook used as a source in this section)</li>

<li>320v: Herr Geltar (unidentified; the poems are dated to between 1230 and 1250, perhaps from Lower Austria)</li>

<li>321v: Herr Dietmar der Setzer (unidentified; the portrait shows unmounted combat with sword and <a href="Heater_shield" title="Heater shield">heater shield</a>)</li>

<li>323r: Herr <a href="Reinmar_von_Zweter" title="Reinmar von Zweter">Reinmar von Zweter</a> (fl. 1230s)</li>

<li>339r: Der Junge Meißner (unidentified; the poems are in Central German dialect)</li>

<li>342r: Der Alte Meißner (without portrait)</li>

<li>342v: Von Obernburg (unidentified; probably mid 13th century, of Obernburg near <a href="Celje" title="Celje">Celje</a>)</li>

<li>344v: <a href="Bruder_Wernher" title="Bruder Wernher">Bruder Wernher</a> (unidentified; mid 13th century)</li>

<li>349r: <a href="Der_Marner" title="Der Marner">Der Marner</a> (probably <i>marinaere</i> "the mariner"; unidentified, but mentioned by Meister Rumslant below)</li>

<li>355r: <a href="S%C3%BC%C3%9Fkind_von_Trimberg" title="Süßkind von Trimberg">Süßkind, der Jude von Trimberg</a> (unidentified, 2nd half of the 13th century)</li>

<li>358r: (isolated anonymous poem)</li>

<li>359r: Von Buwenburg (Baumburg near <a href="Hundersingen" title="Hundersingen">Hundersingen</a>, probably Ulrich von Buwenburg, fl. 1260)</li>

<li>361r: Heinrich von Dettingen (well documented during 1236–1300; of a family of ministeriales of <a href="Reichenau_abbey" class="mw-redirect" title="Reichenau abbey">Reichenau abbey</a>)</li>

<li>362r: Rudolf der Schreiber (unidentified)</li>

<li>364r: Meister <a href="Gottfried_von_Stra%C3%9Fburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Gottfried von Straßburg">Gottfried von Straßburg</a> (died <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1210</span>)</li>

<li>371r: Meister <a href="Johannes_Hadlaub" title="Johannes Hadlaub">Johannes Hadlaub</a> (of <a href="Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>, fl. 1300, possibly the redactor of the codex)</li>

<li>381r: Regenbogen ("Rainbow", an unidentified Alemannic poet, depicted as a smith)</li>

<li>383r: Meister <a href="Konrad_von_W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Konrad von Würzburg">Konrad von Würzburg</a> (died 1287)</li>

<li>394r: Kunz von Rosenheim (unidentified, perhaps not a poet but the owner of a songbook used as a source)</li>

<li>395r: Rubin von Rüdeger (unidentified)</li>

<li>396r: Der Kol von Nüssen (unidentified, perhaps of Neunzen near <a href="Zwettl" title="Zwettl">Zwettl</a>; the poems date to the 1230s or 1240s)</li>

<li>397v: Der Dürner (unidentified, perhaps of <a href="Mengen%2C_Germany" title="Mengen, Germany">Mengen</a>, Swabia)</li>

<li>399r: Meister <a href="Heinrich_Frauenlob" title="Heinrich Frauenlob">Heinrich Frauenlob</a> (Heinrich von Meißen, born c. 1250)</li>

<li>407r: Meister Friedrich von <a href="St_Lorenzen" class="mw-redirect" title="St Lorenzen">Sonnenburg</a> (unidentified; poems date to the 3rd quarter of the 13th century)</li>

<li>410r: Meister Sigeher (fl. 1250–1260s; perhaps identical with a <i>Sicherius iuculator</i> active in <a href="Metz" title="Metz">Metz</a>, possibly a Tyrolian)</li>

<li>412r: <a href="Der_wilde_Alexander" title="Der wilde Alexander">Der wilde Alexander</a> (an unidentified Alemannic poet of the late 13th century)</li>

<li>413v: Meister Rumslant (fl. late 13th century, of Northern Germany)</li>

<li>415v: Spervogel ("Sparrow"; recorded under this nickname are poems by two separate authors, with floruits in the mid and the late 12th century)</li>

<li>418r: Boppe (of <a href="Bonndorf" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonndorf">Bonndorf</a>, died 1320; from 1276 to 1305 serving as reeve of the count of <a href="Nellenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Nellenburg">Nellenburg</a>)</li>

<li>422r: Der Litschauer (unidentified)</li>

<li>423v: Der Kanzler ("The Chancellor", 2nd half of the 13th century, possibly Alemannic)</li></ol>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manuscript_history">Manuscript history</h2></div>

<p>The compilation of the codex was patronized by the <a href="Manesse_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Manesse family">Manesse family</a> of <a href="Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>, presumably by Rüdiger II Manesse (born before 1252, died after 1304). The house of Manesse declined in the late 14th century, selling their castle in 1393. The fate of the codex during the 15th century is unknown, but by the 1590s it had passed into possession of baron Johann Philipp of <a href="Hohensax" class="mw-redirect" title="Hohensax">Hohensax</a> (two of whose forebears are portrayed in the codex, on foll. 48v and 59v). In 1604, <a href="Melchior_Goldast" title="Melchior Goldast">Melchior Goldast</a> published excerpts of its didactic texts.

</p><p>After 1657 it was in the French royal library, from which it passed to the <a href="Biblioth%C3%A8que_Nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque Nationale de France">Bibliothèque Nationale</a>, where the manuscript was studied by <a href="Jacob_Grimm" title="Jacob Grimm">Jacob Grimm</a> in 1815. In 1888, after long bargaining, it was sold to the <a href="Bibliotheca_Palatina" title="Bibliotheca Palatina">Bibliotheca Palatina</a> of <a href="Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a>, following a public subscription headed by <a href="William_I%2C_German_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="William I, German Emperor">William I</a> and <a href="Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a>.

</p><p>The first critical editions of the <i>Codex Manesse</i> appeared in the early nineteenth century. The codex is frequently referred to by Minnesang scholars and in editions simply by the abbreviation <i>C</i>, introduced by Karl Lachmann, who used <i>A</i> and <i>B</i> for the two main earlier Minnesang codices (the <i><a href="Kleine_Heidelberger_Liederhandschrift" title="Kleine Heidelberger Liederhandschrift">Kleine Heidelberger Liederhandschrift</a></i> and the <i><a href="Weingartner_Liederhandschrift" class="mw-redirect" title="Weingartner Liederhandschrift">Weingartner Liederhandschrift</a></i> respectively).

</p><p>Two leaves of a 15th-century copy of the manuscript, called the <i>Troßsche Fragment</i> (<i>Tross Fragment</i>), which were held in the <a href="Berlin_State_Library" title="Berlin State Library">Berlin State Library</a> but went missing in 1945,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are now in the <a href="Jagiellonian_Library" title="Jagiellonian Library">Jagiellonian Library</a> in <a href="Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> (Berol. mgq 1146).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_reception">Modern reception</h2></div>

<p>The possibility that the compiler was the <i><a href="Minnesang" title="Minnesang">Minnesinger</a></i> <a href="Johannes_Hadlaub" title="Johannes Hadlaub">Johannes Hadlaub</a> provided the subject of a poetic novella, <i>Hadlaub</i> (in the <i>Züricher Novellen</i>, 1878), by <a href="Gottfried_Keller" title="Gottfried Keller">Gottfried Keller</a>.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2></div>

<div class="gallerytext">Folio 127r: Works of <a href="Walther_von_der_Vogelweide" title="Walther von der Vogelweide">Walther von der Vogelweide</a> </div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Folio 124r: Walther von der Vogelweide</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"> <a href="Conradin" title="Conradin">King Conrad the Young</a> </div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Duke John I. of Brabant </div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><i>Codex Manesse</i>, Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg </div>

</li>

</ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">German: <i lang="de">Great Heidelberg Song Manuscript</i>, <a href="Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a>, <a href="University_of_Heidelberg" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Heidelberg">University of Heidelberg</a> Library, <i>Codex Palatinus Germanicus</i> 848</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Koschorreck and Werner 1981 discern no fewer than eleven scribes, some working simultaneously, in the production.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ingeborg Glier, reviewing Koschorreck and Werner 1981 in <i>Speculum</i> <b>59</b>.1 (January 1984), p. 169. The only other contemporary illuminated song book is the <a href="Weingarten_Manuscript" title="Weingarten Manuscript">Weingarten Manuscript</a>, once thought to have been a model for the <i>Codex Manesse</i>.</span>

</li>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/Englisch/allg/benutzung/bereiche/handschriften/codexmanesse.html">"Codex Manesse"</a>. <i>Heidelberg University Library</i>. Heidelberg University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Informationsdienst_Wissenschaft_-_Nachrichten_2023-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Informationsdienst_Wissenschaft_-_Nachrichten_2023_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://idw-online.de/de/news814546">"Codex Manesse Admitted to UNESCO World Documentary Heritage"</a>. <i>Informationsdienst Wissenschaft – Nachrichten</i> (in German). 18 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Deutsche_UNESCO-Kommission-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Deutsche_UNESCO-Kommission_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unesco.de/kultur-und-natur/weltdokumentenerbe/weltdokumentenerbe-deutschland/codex-manesse">"UNESCO-Weltdokumentenerbe Codex Manesse"</a>. <i>Deutsche UNESCO-Kommission</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">the exact number is debatable; of a total of 140 entries, some are clearly of fictional characters, as in "Klingsor of Hungary" and "King Tyro of Scotland", while others may or may not be fictional, as in "Der Winsbeke", "Die Winsbekin". Yet other entries may feature historical poets but combine poems by several authors.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCotter" class="citation web cs1">Cotter, Hayley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/33406117">"Between Recto and Verso: The Use of Blanks and a Theory of Authorship in the Codex Manesse"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFZAPF.2020" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">ZAPF., GUNTER BUTZER; KATJA SARKOWSKY; HUBERT (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/1176251040"><i>Große Werke der Literatur XV</i></a> (in German). NARR FRANCKE ATTEMPTO VER. p. 12. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-7720-5705-2</bdi>. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1176251040">1176251040</a>. <q>Dietmar...could be conceivable...as a people's horse, specifically the donkey</q></cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite book}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)</span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Des Minnesangs Frühling</i>, ed. H. Moser and H. Tervooren, Stuttgart 1977, Vol II, pp. 47f.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://handschriftencensus.de/11787">"Handschriftenbeschreibung 11787"</a>. <i>Handschriftencensus</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2></div>

<ul><li>Walter Koschorreck and Wilfried Werner, editors, <i>Kommentar zum Faksimile des Codex Manesse: Die grosse Heidelberger Liederhandschrift</i> (Kassel: Ganymed) 1981. Commentary to the facsimile edition, with essays by Wilfried Werner, Ewald Vetter, Walter Koschorreck, Hugo Kuhn, Max Wehrli and Ewald Jammers.</li>

<li><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> 1911</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Codex_Manesse" class="extiw external" title="commons:Codex Manesse"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Codex Manesse</span></a>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/cpg848">Complete facsimile</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Walther_von_der_Vogelweide200" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Walther_von_der_Vogelweide" title="Walther von der Vogelweide">Walther von der Vogelweide</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>"<a href="Elegie_(Walther_von_der_Vogelweide)" title="Elegie (Walther von der Vogelweide)">Elegie</a>"</li>

<li>"<a href="Ir_sult_sprechen_willekomen" title="Ir sult sprechen willekomen">Ir sult sprechen willekomen</a>"</li>

<li><i><a href="Pal%C3%A4stinalied" title="Palästinalied">Palästinalied</a></i></li>

<li>"<a href="Under_der_linden" title="Under der linden">Under der linden</a>"</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manuscripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul>

<li><a href="Kleine_Heidelberger_Liederhandschrift" title="Kleine Heidelberger Liederhandschrift">Kleine Heidelberger Liederhandschrift</a></li>

<li><a href="Weingarten_Manuscript" title="Weingarten Manuscript">Weingarten Manuscript</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Minnesang" title="Minnesang">Minnesang</a></li>

<li><a href="Spruchdichtung" title="Spruchdichtung">Spruchdichtung</a></li>

<li><a href="Lai_(poetic_form)" title="Lai (poetic form)">Leich</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Influences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Albrecht_von_Johansdorf" title="Albrecht von Johansdorf">Albrecht von Johansdorf</a></li>

<li><a href="Heinrich_von_Morungen" title="Heinrich von Morungen">Heinrich von Morungen</a></li>

<li><a href="Reinmar_von_Hagenau" title="Reinmar von Hagenau">Reinmar von Hagenau</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li></ul>

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